HOW TO SET UP LIGHT FOR PRODUCT PHOTOGRAPHY

How to set up light for product photography

In product photography, light should do more than simply “illuminate” an object. It should reveal its form, texture, colour and quality. Before positioning a lamp, decide what matters most: gloss, a matte surface, the outline, a detail or true-to-life colour.

Start with one large source

Position a softbox or a light shining through a diffuser to the side and slightly above the product. The larger the source relative to the subject, and the closer it is, the softer the shadow transitions will be. Moving the lamp farther away produces smaller, higher-contrast reflections.

Three simple setups

• One light + a white reflector — the simplest, natural-looking arrangement for matte products.
• Two sources at the sides — convenient when you want to show edges and achieve a more even, catalogue-style result.
• Light from behind + a reflector in front — creates an outline, reveals the transparency of glass and gives the product a sense of lightness.

Controlling reflections

On glossy surfaces, you are primarily photographing the reflection of the light source. Move not only the lamp but also the product and camera — even a small change of angle can organise the highlights. White cards brighten reflections; black flags darken them and help define the object’s edge.

Camera settings

Work on a tripod and start with ISO 100 and f/8–f/11. In a studio using flash, aperture, flash power and the distance of the flash strongly influence flash exposure. A shutter speed slower than the sync speed primarily affects ambient light, not flash power. Change one thing at a time and check the histogram and the appearance of highlights on the product’s surface.

Background and colour accuracy

The background should support the product, not fight it for attention. For online shop photographs, aim for a uniform series, clean edges and consistent framing. If colour matters commercially, set a custom white balance or use a grey card and work with RAW files.

A short checklist

• does the product’s shape and material read clearly,
• are there any unintended studio elements visible in the reflections,
• are colour and brightness consistent throughout the series,
• does the detail remain sharp where it matters most to the viewer.